Ҫ˵ÏÄÌì×îºÃ³ÔµÄË®¹û£¬Äǵ±È»ÊÇÎ÷¹Ï£¬¶øÇÒ±ØÐëÊDZùÎ÷¹Ï£¡ÌðÌðµÄÎ÷¹ÏÒ»Èë¿Ú£¬±¼²¨Ò»ÌìµÄÊîÈȶ¼ÏûʧÁË¡£
ΧÈÆ×ÅÎ÷¹ÏÕâ¸öÏÄÈձر¸Ë®¹û£¬ÎÊÌâÒ²²»ÉÙ£º
Î÷¹ÏÕâôÌ𣬳ԶàÁ˻᲻»áÓ°Ïì¼õ·Ê£¿
¸ôÒ¹µÄÎ÷¹Ï»á²»»á±äÖÊ£¬»¹ÄܳÔÂð£¿
³Ô±ùÎ÷¹Ï½¡¿µÂð£¿
À´£¬ÔÛÃÇ°¤¸ö½â¾ö£¬ÈÃÄã³ÔÎ÷¹ÏµÄʱºò²»¹â³ÔµÃ¿ªÐÄ£¬¸ü³ÔµÃ·ÅÐÄ£¡
01
Î÷¹ÏÕâôÌð
³Ô¶àÁ˻᲻»áÓ°Ïì¼õ·Ê£¿
ÏÈ˵´ð°¸£¬Õý³£³Ô¾Í²»»á£¡
Î÷¹ÏµÄÖ÷Òª³É·Ö£¬Æäʵ¾ÍÊÇ“Ë®”£¬Î÷¹ÏµÄº¬Ë®Á¿ÄÜ´ïµ½ 90% ×óÓÒ£¬³ÔÒ»¿ÅÎ÷¹Ï£¬Æäʵ´ó²¿·Ö³ÔµÄ¶¼ÊÇ “Ë®”¡£
µ±È»£¬Î÷¹ÏÖÐÒ²Óв»ÉÙÓªÑø³É·Ö£¬±ÈÈçÌṩÌðζµÄÌÇ£¬ÌṩÑÕÉ«µÄ·¬ÇѺìËØ£¬ÒÔ¼°¾ßÓÐÓªÑø¼ÛÖµµÄ¼Ø¡¢Î¬ÉúËØC¡¢¹Ï°±ËáµÈ³É·Ö¡£
ÄÇôÕâЩ³É·ÖµÄº¬Á¿·Ö±ðÓжàÉÙÄØ£¿
Î÷¹ÏµÄÌǺ¬Á¿²»Ëã¸ß£¬µ«Ò²²»ÊÇÏñºÜ¶àÈËÏëÏóµÄÄÇôµÍ¡£
ÒÔÇ°µÄÎ÷¹Ï£¬º¬ÌÇÁ¿´ó¸ÅÊÇ 6%~10% Çø¼ä£¬¶øÏÖÔÚÐÂÅàÓýµÄһЩÎ÷¹ÏÆ·ÖÖº¬ÌÇÁ¿ÒѾ¿ÉÒÔ´ïµ½ 8%~13% µÄˮƽ£¬ËùÒÔÎ÷¹ÏÒѾԽÀ´Ô½ÌðÁË¡£
¶øÇÒÕâÖÖÔ½À´Ô½ÌðµÄÇ÷ÊƲ»ÏÞÓÚÎ÷¹Ï£¬ÏÖÔڵĴ󲿷ÖË®¹ûÖж¼´æÔÚ¡£ÎÞÂÛÊÇâ¹û¡¢ÆÏÌÑ¡¢Ó£ÌÒ¡¢Æ»¹û¡¢³È×Ó»¹ÊÇÀóÖ¦£¬´ó¼ÒµÄŬÁ¦·½Ïò¶¼ÊÇ“ÌðËÆÃÛ”£¬ÓеÄË®¹ûÒ»¿ÚÒ§ÏÂÈ¥³ýÁË´¿´¿µÄÌðζʲôҲûÓУ¬ÕæÊDz»¸øËáÌð¿Úζ°®ºÃÕßÁô»î·°¡£¡
ËäÈ» 8%~13% µÄº¬ÌÇÁ¿¶ÔÓÚÎ÷¹ÏÀ´ËµÒѾËãºÜ¸ßÁË£¬µ«ÆäʵÕâ¸öÌǺ¬Á¿ÔÚË®¹û½ç¸ù±¾²»ÖµÒ»Ìá¡£
¹«Æ½Æð¼û£¬¾Í²»¸ú¸ÊÕáÕâÖÖÖÆÌÇ×÷Îï±È½ÏÁË£¬ÎÒÃÇÌô¼¸¸ö³£¼ûË®¹û±È±È£ºÌá×Ó£¬ÎÞÂÛºìÂÌ»ù±¾ÉϺ¬ÌÇÁ¿¶¼ÄÜ´ïµ½ 16% ×óÓÒ£¬ÇáÇáËÉËɳ¬Ô½Î÷¹Ï¡£
³ÔÆðÀ´Ìð×Ì×̵ÄʯÁñ£¬Ò²ÊÇÕæµÄÌǶ࣬º¬ÌÇÁ¿ 13% ×óÓÒ£¬Ò²ÊÇÎ÷¹Ïº¬ÌÇÁ¿µÄáÛ·åÖµÁË¡£×îÉî²Ø²»Â¶µÄ´ó¸ÅÊDz¤ÂÜÃÛ£¬º¬ÌÇÁ¿Æäʵ¸ß´ï 19%£¬¾ø¶ÔÊDz»ÕÛ²»¿ÛµÄ¸ßÌÇË®¹û¡£
×ܶøÑÔÖ®£¬Î÷¹ÏµÄº¬ÌÇÁ¿ËäÈ»²»¸ß£¬µ«Ò²²»ÊÇÍêȫûÓС£
100 ¿ËÎ÷¹ÏµÄÈÈÁ¿ÔÚ 27 ǧ¿¨×óÓÒ£¬µ«¿¼Âǵ½³ÔÎ÷¹Ï¾³£Ò»³Ô¶¼ÊÇ°´´ó°ë¸ö³Ô£¬³ÔÎ÷¹ÏµÄʱºò»¹ÊÇÓбØÒª¿¼ÂÇÈÈÁ¿ÉãÈëÎÊÌâµÄ¡£
ÒòΪÎ÷¹ÏµÄº¬Ë®Á¿¸ß£¬±ùÕò¹ýµÄ¿Ú¸Ð¸üÊÇÈÃÈËÉÏÍ·£¬¶øÇÒÎ÷¹ÏµÄ±¥¸¹¸ÐºÜµÍ£¬¾³£Ò»¸ö²»Ð¡ÐÄ°ë¸ö´óÎ÷¹Ï¾ÍìŵôÁË¡£
ÏÖÔÚÊÐÃæÉϳ£¼ûµÄÖÐСÐÍÎ÷¹Ï£¬°ë¸öµÄÖØÁ¿Ò²²î²»¶àÄÜ´ïµ½ 500 ¿ËÁË£¬¾ÍËã°´ÕÕ 8% µÄº¬ÌÇÁ¿¼ÆË㣬ìŵôÕâ°ë¸öÎ÷¹ÏÒ²»áÈÃÄãÇáÇáËÉËÉÉãÈë 40 ¿ËµÄÌÇÁË£¬ÈÈÁ¿´ó¸ÅÏ൱ÓÚһСÍë·¹¡£
Èç¹ûÄãÿÌìÒ»ÈÕÈý²ÍÕý³£³ÔµÄÇé¿öÏ£¬»¹Òª¶îÍâÀ´ÉÏ°ë¸öÉõÖÁ¸ü¶àµÄ´óÎ÷¹Ï£¬ÄÇÉãÈëµÄÈÈÁ¿È·Êµ»á³¬±ê¡£
Òò´Ë£¬Èç¹ûÄãÓмõ·ÊµÄÐèÇó£¬Ã¿Ìì³ÔÎ÷¹ÏµÄÁ¿×îºÃ¿ØÖÆÔÚ 300 ¿Ë×óÓÒ£¬¾¡Á¿²»Òª³¬¹ý 500 ¿Ë¡£
´ËÍ⣬³ÔÁËÎ÷¹Ï×îºÃ¾Í²»Òª³Ô±ðµÄË®¹ûÁË¡£Èç¹ûʵÔÚÈ̲»×¡Ïë¶à³Ô£¬ÄÇôÄãµÄÖ÷ʳÁ¿¿ÉÒÔÊʵ±¼õÉÙ£¬¾ùºâÒ»ÏÂÈÈÁ¿ÉãÈë¡£
Èç¹û»¼ÓÐÌÇÄò²¡£¬ÄÇÐèÒª¿´¿´ÑªÌÇ¿ØÖƵÄÇé¿ö£¬ÔÙ¾ö¶¨ÊÇ·ñÄܳÔÎ÷¹Ï£¬³Ô¶àÉÙÎ÷¹Ï¡£ÌÇÓÑÔÚѪÌÇ¿ØÖÆÎȶ¨µÄÇé¿öÏ£¬ÊÇ¿ÉÒÔ³ÔÎ÷¹ÏµÄ£¬¿ØÖÆÔÚ 200 ¿Ë×óÓÒΪÒË¡£
ÁíÍ⣬Ñ×Èȼ¾½ÚºÜ¶àÈË»áʳÓû²»Õñ£¬ÉõÖÁÖ±½ÓÓÃÎ÷¹ÏÌæ´úÖ÷ʳ¡£
ÕâÖÖ×ö·¨Ò²²»Ì«½¨Ò飬ÒòΪÎ÷¹ÏËäÈ»ÄÜÌṩÌÇ·Ö£¬µ«È´È±ÉÙµ°°×ÖÊ£¬Èç¹û³¤ÆÚÓÃÎ÷¹ÏÌæ´úÕý³£Ê³Îï¿ÉÄܵ¼Ö¼¡ÈâÁ÷ʧ£¬ÓªÑø²»Á¼£¬³¤ÆÚÏÂÈ¥·´¶ø»áµ¼Ö´úлÂʽµµÍ£¬¾ÍËãÎÒÃdzԵÃÉÙ£¬Ò²»á·¢ÅÖ¡£
´ËÍ⣬ÓÉÓÚÎ÷¹ÏÖеĴóÁ¿¼Ø¾ßÓдٽøË®·ÖÅųöµÄ×÷Óã¬Èç¹ûÒ»¿ÚÆø³ÔÌ«¶àÎ÷¹Ï£¬»¹¿ÉÄܵ¼ÖÂÌåÄÚÄƼØʧºâ¡£Òò´ËÎÞÂÛÊdzöÓÚ½¡¿µ£¬»¹ÊǼõ·Ê£¬Î÷¹Ï¶¼²»Ò˶à³Ô¡£
02
¸ôÒ¹µÄÎ÷¹Ï»á²»»á±äÖÊ
»¹ÄܳÔÂð£¿
ºÜ¶àÈËÓ¦¸Ã¶¼¿´¹ý³Ô¸ôÒ¹Î÷¹Ï½á¹û³Ôµ½ÉÏÍÂÏÂк½øÒ½ÔºµÄÐÂÎÅ¡£µ«Î÷¹ÏÕâô´ó£¬Ò»ÌìÄܳԵÄÁ¿Ò²ÓÐÏÞ£¬¾¿¾¹Ôõô°ì²ÅºÃÄØ£¿
1. ²»Òª·´¸´ÄóöÀ´ÍÚ×ųÔ
Î÷¹ÏÊǺÜÈÝÒ×±äÖʵÄʳƷ¡£Ò»µ©Çпª£¬Î÷¹Ï¾Í¿ªÆôÁ˱äÖʹý³Ì£¬Î¢ÉúÎï»áÑØ×ÅËüµÄÇпÚ×ÌÉú£¬ÉîÈë¹ûÈ⣬ֱµ½ÈÃÕû¸ö¹Ï¶¼±äÖÊ¡£
²»¹ý£¬Õû¸ö±äÖʹý³ÌÒ²²»ÊÇÄÇô¿ì£¬Èç¹û½«Î÷¹ÏÇпªºóÁ¢¿Ì¹üÉϱ£ÏÊĤ²¢ÇҷŽø±ùÏäÀä²Ø´¢´æ£¬Æäʵ¸ôÒ¹Î÷¹ÏÒ²ÊÇ¿ÉÒԳԵġ£ÁíÍ⣬Èç¹ûÏëÒªÑÓ³¤Î÷¹ÏµÄ±£ÏÊÆÚ£¬²»½¨Òé¾³£ÄóöÀ´ÍÚ×ųԣ¬³ÔÍêÔÙ·Å»ØÈ¥¡£
ÎÒÃÇÿһ´ÎÄóöÀ´£¬ÓÃÉ××Ó½Ó´¥Î÷¹Ï£¬²»½ö»áÒýÈë¿ÕÆøÖеÄ΢ÉúÎ»¹»áͨ¹ýÉ××Ó½«ÎÒÃÇ¿ÚÇ»ÖеÄ΢ÉúÎïÒ²ÒýÈëµ½Î÷¹ÏÉÏ¡£
Òò´Ë£¬Èç¹ûÒ»¸öÎ÷¹ÏÄãʵÔÚÐèÒª·ÖºÃ¼¸Ìì³Ô£¬×îºÃÿ´Î³ÔµÄʱºòÇÐÒ»²¿·Ö£¬ÇпªµÄÎ÷¹Ï¼°Ê±ÖØйü±£ÏÊĤÀä²Ø¡£
2. ÇпªµÄÎ÷¹ÏÓñ£ÏÊĤÃÜ·â
ÐèҪעÒâµÄÊÇ£¬ËäÈ»±ùÏäÊǵÍÎÂÌõ¼þÄܹ»ÓÐЧÒÖÖÆ΢ÉúÎïµÄ×ÌÉú¡£µ«±ùÏäÄÚ²¿Èç¹ûûÓж¨Ê±ÇåÀí£¬ÆäʵҲ»á´æÔںܶà΢ÉúÎÒò´ËÇпªµÄÎ÷¹ÏÇÐÎðÖ±½Ó·Å½ø±ùÏ䣬¶øÊDZØÐëÓñ£ÏÊĤÃÜ·â±£´æ¡£
´ËÍ⣬±ùÏäÒ²²»ÊÇÍòÄܵģ¬ËüÖ»ÄÜÑÓ»ºÎ÷¹ÏµÄ±äÖÊ£¬²¢²»Äܳ¹µ××èÖ¹Õâ¸ö¹ý³Ì£¬Òò´ËÄÄÅÂÊǷŽøÀä²ØÊÒµÄÎ÷¹ÏÒ²ÐèÒª¾¡¿ì³ÔÍê¡£
3. Çпªºó³£Î·ÅÖó¬ 2 СʱµÄÎ÷¹Ï±ð³Ô
Èç¹ûÇпªµÄÎ÷¹Ï³¨¿Ú·ÅÖÃÔÚ³£ÎÂÏ£¬³¬¹ý 2 Сʱ×óÓÒ×îºÃ¾Í²»Òª³ÔÁË¡£ÔÚ·ÅÖõÄÕâ¶Îʱ¼äÄÚ£¬Î¢ÉúÎï»á¿ìËÙÔöÖ³£¬Èç¹ûÄãµÄ³¦µÀ±È½ÏÃô¸Ð¾ÍÓпÉÄܳöÏÖÎÊÌâ¡£
4. ÓÐÆÆËð¡¢Ã¹¾ú°ß¡¢¾Ö²¿¸¯ÀõÄÎ÷¹Ï²»Òª³Ô
ûÓÐÇпªµÄÇé¿öÏ£¬Î÷¹Ï¿ÉÒÔ´¢´æµÄʱ¼äÊDZȽϳ¤µÄ¡£µ«ÐèҪעÒ⣬Èç¹ûÇпªÇ°¾Í·¢ÏÖÎ÷¹ÏÓÐÈâÑۿɼûµÄÆÆËð¡¢Ã¹¾ú°ß¡¢¸¯Àã¬ÄÇô¼´Ê¹Äã°Ñ»µµôµÄÄDz¿·ÖÇеô£¬ÆäËû²¿·ÖµÄ¹ûÈâÆäʵҲ¿ÉÄÜÔçÔçÊܵ½ÁËÎÛȾ¡£Òò´Ë£¬ÕâÖÖÎ÷¹Ï¾Í±ð³ÔÁË¡£
03
³Ô±ùÎ÷¹Ï½¡¿µÂð£¿
Æäʵ±ùÎ÷¹ÏÊÇ·ñ½¡¿µ£¬×î¹Ø¼üµÄÒ»µã¾ÍÊÇ——Ëü¾¿¾¹ÔÚ±ùÏäÀï·ÅÁ˶à¾Ã£¬·ÅµÄʱºòÓÐûÓÐ×öºÃÃÜ·â¡£
ÕýÈçÇ°ÎÄËù˵£¬±ùÏä²¢·ÇÒ»¸öÕæ¿ÕÎÞ¾ú»·¾³£¬¶øÊÇ´æÔÚןܶà¿ÉÄܵ¼ÖÂÎÒÃÇ·¢Éú¸¹ÐºµÄ΢ÉúÎÒò´ËÈç¹ûÄã³ÔµÄ±ùÎ÷¹ÏÔÚÀä²ØµÄʱºòûÓÐ×öºÃ·À±äÖÊ´ëÊ©£¬ÄÇô¾Í²»Ì«°²È«¡£
Ö»ÒªÄã±¾Éí³¦Î¸Ã»ÓÐÎÊÌ⣬²¢ÇÒ³ÔµÄʱºòûÓÐÒ»¿ÚÆø³ÔÌ«¶à£¬ÄÇô±ùÎ÷¹Ï²¢²»»á¸øÄãµÄÉíÌå´øÀ´Ì«¶à¸ºµ£¡£
µ«Èç¹ûÄã±¾Éí³¦Î¸¾Í±È½ÏÈõ£¬»òÕßÓг¦Ò×¼¤¡¢Ïû»¯²»Á¼µÈÎÊÌ⣬ÄÇôһ¿Ú³ÔÏÂÌ«±ùµÄÎ÷¹Ï£¬¿Ï¶¨»á´Ì¼¤ÄãµÄ³¦µÀ£¬ÒýÆð¸¹Ðº¡£
ÁíÍ⣬ÎÞÂÛÊDZùÎ÷¹Ï»¹ÊDZùä¿ÁÜ£¬Ê³ÓñùÆ·¶¼»á´Ì¼¤µ½ÎÒÃǵÄÍ·²¿£¬Òý·¢Í·Í´£¬Òò´Ë±¾ÉíÓÐÐÄÄÔѪ¹Ü¼²²¡µÄÈËÒ²ÐèÒªÓÈÆä×¢Òâ¡£
×ܶøÑÔÖ®£¬Î÷¹Ï±¾ÉíÊǸöºÃË®¹û¡£µ«ÊÊÁ¿³Ô¡¢¸É¾»ÎÀÉúµØ³Ô£¬²Å¹»½¡¿µÅ¶¡£
£¨À´Ô´£º¿ÆÆÕÖйú£©